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README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS
You may need to carry out some system configuration tasks before running the Configure script for Perl.
Gunzip/gzip for OS/390 is discussed at:
http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/faq/bpxqp1.html
to extract an ASCII tar archive on OS/390, try this:
pax -o to=IBM-1047,from=ISO8859-1 -r < latest.tar
or
zcat latest.tar.Z | pax -o to=IBM-1047,from=ISO8859-1 -r
If you get lots of errors of the form
tar: FSUM7171 ...: cannot set uid/gid: EDC5139I Operation not permitted.
you didn't read the above and tried to use tar instead of pax, you'll first have to remove the (now corrupt) perl directory
rm -rf perl-...
cp /samples/yyparse.c /etc
This may also be a good time to ensure that your /etc/protocol file and either your /etc/resolv.conf or /etc/hosts files are in place. The IBM document that described such USS system setup issues was SC28-1890-07 ``OS/390 UNIX System Services Planning'', in particular Chapter 6 on customizing the OE shell.
GNU make for OS/390, which is recommended for the build of perl (as well as building CPAN modules and extensions), is available from the ``Tools''.
Some people have reported encountering ``Out of memory!'' errors while trying to build Perl using GNU make binaries. If you encounter such trouble then try to download the source code kit and build GNU make from source to eliminate any such trouble. You might also find GNU make (as well as Perl and Apache) in the red-piece/book ``Open Source Software for OS/390 UNIX'', SG24-5944-00 from IBM.
If instead of the recommended GNU make you would like to use the system supplied make program then be sure to install the default rules file properly via the shell command:
cp /samples/startup.mk /etc
and be sure to also set the environment variable _C89_CCMODE=1 (exporting _C89_CCMODE=1 is also a good idea for users of GNU make).
You might also want to have GNU groff for OS/390 installed before running the ``make install'' step for Perl.
There is a syntax error in the /usr/include/sys/socket.h header file that IBM supplies with USS V2R7, V2R8, and possibly V2R9. The problem with the header file is that near the definition of the SO_REUSEPORT constant there is a spurious extra '/' character outside of a comment like so:
#define SO_REUSEPORT 0x0200 /* allow local address & port
reuse */ /
You could edit that header yourself to remove that last '/', or you might note that Language Environment (LE) APAR PQ39997 describes the problem and PTF's UQ46272 and UQ46271 are the (R8 at least) fixes and apply them. If left unattended that syntax error will turn up as an inability for Perl to build its ``Socket'' extension.
For successful testing you may need to turn on the sticky bit for your world readable /tmp directory if you have not already done so (see man chmod).
(I see you are using the Korn shell. Some ksh's blow up on Configure, mainly on older exotic systems. If yours does, try the Bourne shell instead.)
is nothing to worry about at all.
CEE3501S The module libperl.dll was not found.
From entry point __dllstaticinit at compile unit offset +00000194 at
then your LIBPATH does not have the location of libperl.x and either libperl.dll or libperl.so in it. Add that directory to your LIBPATH and proceed.
sh Configure
make
make test
if everything looks ok (see the next section for test/IVP diagnosis) then:
make install
this last step may or may not require UID=0 privileges depending on how you answered the questions that Configure asked and whether or not you have write access to the directories you specified.
Another memory limiting item to check is your MAXASSIZE parameter in your 'SYS1.PARMLIB(BPXPRMxx)' data set (note too that as of V2R8 address space limits can be set on a per user ID basis in the USS segment of a RACF profile). People have reported successful builds of Perl with MAXASSIZE parameters as small as 503316480 (and it may be possible to build Perl with a MAXASSIZE smaller than that).
Within USS your /etc/profile or $HOME/.profile may limit your ulimit settings. Check that the following command returns reasonable values:
ulimit -a
To conserve memory you should have your compiler modules loaded into the Link Pack Area (LPA/ELPA) rather than in a link list or step lib.
If the c89 compiler complains of syntax errors during the build of the Socket extension then be sure to fix the syntax error in the system header /usr/include/sys/socket.h.
comp/cpp.............ERROR CBC3191 ./.301989890.c:1 The character $ is not a valid C source character. FSUM3065 The COMPILE step ended with return code 12. FSUM3017 Could not compile .301989890.c. Correct the errors and try again. ok
indicates that the t/comp/cpp.t test of Perl's -P command line switch has passed but that the particular invocation of c89 -E in the cpp script does not suppress the C compiler check of source code validity.
io/openpid...........CEE5210S The signal SIGHUP was received. CEE5210S The signal SIGHUP was received. CEE5210S The signal SIGHUP was received. ok
indicates that the t/io/openpid.t test of Perl has passed but done so with extraneous messages on stderr from CEE.
lib/ftmp-security....File::Temp::_gettemp: Parent directory (/tmp/) is not safe (sticky bit not set when world writable?) at lib/ftmp-security.t line 100 File::Temp::_gettemp: Parent directory (/tmp/) is not safe (sticky bit not set when world writable?) at lib/ftmp-security.t line 100 ok
indicates a problem with the permissions on your /tmp directory within the HFS. To correct that problem issue the command:
chmod a+t /tmp
from an account with write access to the directory entry for /tmp.
Recent perl test suite is quite memory hunrgy. In addition to the comments above on memory limitations it is also worth checking for _CEE_RUNOPTS in your environment. Perl now has (in miniperlmain.c) a C #pragma to set CEE run options, but the environment variable wins.
The C code asks for:
#pragma runopts(HEAP(2M,500K,ANYWHERE,KEEP,8K,4K) STACK(,,ANY,) ALL31(ON))
The important parts of that are the second argument (the increment) to HEAP, and allowing the stack to be ``Above the (16M) line''. If the heap increment is too small then when perl (for example loading unicode/Name.pl) tries to create a ``big'' (400K+) string it cannot fit in a single segment and you get ``Out of Memory!'' - even if there is still plenty of memory available.
A related issue is use with perl's malloc. Perl's malloc uses "sbrk()" to get memory, and "sbrk()" is limited to the first allocation so in this case something like:
HEAP(8M,500K,ANYWHERE,KEEP,8K,4K)
is needed to get through the test suite.
Open Edition (UNIX System Services) from V2R8 onward does support #!/path/to/perl script invocation. There is a PTF available from IBM for V2R7 that will allow shell/kernel support for #!. USS releases prior to V2R7 did not support the #! means of script invocation. If you are running V2R6 or earlier then see:
head `whence perldoc`
for an example of how to use the ``eval exec'' trick to ask the shell to have Perl run your scripts on those older releases of Unix System Services.
If you are having trouble with square brackets then consider switching your rlogin or telnet client. Try to avoid older 3270 emulators and ISHELL for working with Perl on USS.
my $x = 100000.0;
my $y = int($x * 1e-5) * 1e5; # '0'
my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5; # '100000'
print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000
Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equal to 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000 respectively.
The problem can be further examined in a roughly equivalent C program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
main()
{
double r1,r2;
double x = 100000.0;
double y = 0.0;
double z = 0.0;
x = 100000.0 * 1e-5;
r1 = modf (x,&y);
x = 100000.0 / 1e+5;
r2 = modf (x,&z);
printf("y is %e and z is %e\n",y*1e5,z*1e5);
/* y is 0.000000e+00 and z is 1.000000e+05 (with c89) */
}
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
If you built perl with dynamic loading capability then that would also be the way to build xs based extensions. However, if you built perl with the default static linking you can still build xs based extensions for OS/390 but you will need to follow the instructions in ExtUtils::MakeMaker for building statically linked perl binaries. In the simplest configurations building a static perl + xs extension boils down to:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make perl
make test
make install
make -f Makefile.aperl inst_perl MAP_TARGET=perl
In most cases people have reported better results with GNU make rather than the system's /bin/make program, whether for plain modules or for xs based extensions.
If the make process encounters trouble with either compilation or linking then try setting the _C89_CCMODE to 1. Assuming sh is your login shell then run:
export _C89_CCMODE=1
If tcsh is your login shell then use the setenv command.
http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/bpxa1toy.html
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/sg245944.html
http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/unix/bpxa1ty1.html#opensrc
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl-mvs/
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/ceea3030/
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com:80/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/CBCUG030/
See also:
http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=perl-mvs
There are web archives of the mailing list at:
http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl-mvs/
http://archive.develooper.com/perl-mvs@perl.org/
This document was podified for the 5.005_03 release of Perl 11 March 1999.
Updated 28 November 2001 for broken URLs.
Updated 12 November 2000 for the 5.7.1 release of Perl.
Updated 15 January 2001 for the 5.7.1 release of Perl.
Updated 24 January 2001 to mention dynamic loading.
Updated 12 March 2001 to mention //'SYS1.TCPPARMS(TCPDATA)'.
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