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FD_SET (3)
  • >> FD_SET (3) ( FreeBSD man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • FD_SET (3) ( POSIX man: Библиотечные вызовы )

  • BSD mandoc
     

    NAME

    
    
    select
    
     - synchronous I/O multiplexing
    
     
    

    LIBRARY

    Lb libc
    
     
    

    SYNOPSIS

       #include <sys/select.h>
    int select (int nfds fd_set *readfds fd_set *writefds fd_set *exceptfds struct timeval *timeout);
    FD_SET (fd &fdset);
    FD_CLR (fd &fdset);
    FD_ISSET (fd &fdset);
    FD_ZERO (&fdset);
     

    DESCRIPTION

    The select ();
    system call examines the I/O descriptor sets whose addresses are passed in Fa readfds , Fa writefds , and Fa exceptfds to see if some of their descriptors are ready for reading, are ready for writing, or have an exceptional condition pending, respectively. The only exceptional condition detectable is out-of-band data received on a socket. The first Fa nfds descriptors are checked in each set; i.e., the descriptors from 0 through Fa nfds Ns No -1 in the descriptor sets are examined. On return, select ();
    replaces the given descriptor sets with subsets consisting of those descriptors that are ready for the requested operation. The select ();
    system call returns the total number of ready descriptors in all the sets.

    The descriptor sets are stored as bit fields in arrays of integers. The following macros are provided for manipulating such descriptor sets: FD_ZERO (&fdset);
    initializes a descriptor set Fa fdset to the null set. FD_SET (fd &fdset);
    includes a particular descriptor Fa fd in Fa fdset . FD_CLR (fd &fdset);
    removes Fa fd from Fa fdset . FD_ISSET (fd &fdset);
    is non-zero if Fa fd is a member of Fa fdset , zero otherwise. The behavior of these macros is undefined if a descriptor value is less than zero or greater than or equal to FD_SETSIZE which is normally at least equal to the maximum number of descriptors supported by the system.

    If Fa timeout is not a null pointer, it specifies the maximum interval to wait for the selection to complete. System activity can lengthen the interval by an indeterminate amount.

    If Fa timeout is a null pointer, the select blocks indefinitely.

    To effect a poll, the Fa timeout argument should not be a null pointer, but it should point to a zero-valued timeval structure.

    Any of Fa readfds , Fa writefds , and Fa exceptfds may be given as null pointers if no descriptors are of interest.  

    RETURN VALUES

    The select ();
    system call returns the number of ready descriptors that are contained in the descriptor sets, or -1 if an error occurred. If the time limit expires, select ();
    returns 0. If select ();
    returns with an error, including one due to an interrupted system call, the descriptor sets will be unmodified.  

    ERRORS

    An error return from select ();
    indicates:

    Bq Er EBADF
    One of the descriptor sets specified an invalid descriptor.
    Bq Er EFAULT
    One of the arguments Fa readfds , writefds , exceptfds , or Fa timeout points to an invalid address.
    Bq Er EINTR
    A signal was delivered before the time limit expired and before any of the selected events occurred.
    Bq Er EINVAL
    The specified time limit is invalid. One of its components is negative or too large.
    Bq Er EINVAL
    The Fa nfds argument was invalid.

     

    SEE ALSO

    accept(2), connect(2), getdtablesize(2), gettimeofday(2), kqueue(2), poll(2), read(2), recv(2), send(2), write(2), clocks(7)  

    NOTES

    The default size of FD_SETSIZE is currently 1024. In order to accommodate programs which might potentially use a larger number of open files with select (,);
    it is possible to increase this size by having the program define FD_SETSIZE before the inclusion of any header which includes In sys/types.h .

    If Fa nfds is greater than the number of open files, select ();
    is not guaranteed to examine the unused file descriptors. For historical reasons, select ();
    will always examine the first 256 descriptors.  

    STANDARDS

    The select ();
    system call and FD_CLR (,);
    FD_ISSET (,);
    FD_SET (,);
    and FD_ZERO ();
    macros conform with St -p1003.1-2001 .  

    HISTORY

    The select ();
    system call appeared in BSD 4.2  

    BUGS

    St -susv2 allows systems to modify the original timeout in place. Thus, it is unwise to assume that the timeout value will be unmodified by the select ();
    system call.


     

    Index

    NAME
    LIBRARY
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    RETURN VALUES
    ERRORS
    SEE ALSO
    NOTES
    STANDARDS
    HISTORY
    BUGS


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