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ungetc (3)
  • ungetc (3) ( Solaris man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • ungetc (3) ( FreeBSD man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • ungetc (3) ( Русские man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • >> ungetc (3) ( Linux man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • ungetc (3) ( POSIX man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  •  

    NAME

    fgetc, fgets, getc, getchar, gets, ungetc - input of characters and strings
     
    

    SYNOPSIS

    #include <stdio.h>
    
    int fgetc(FILE *stream);
    
    char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
    
    int getc(FILE *stream);
    
    int getchar(void);
    
    char *gets(char *s);
    
    int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream);
    
     

    DESCRIPTION

    fgetc() reads the next character from stream and returns it as an unsigned char cast to an int, or EOF on end of file or error.

    getc() is equivalent to fgetc() except that it may be implemented as a macro which evaluates stream more than once.

    getchar() is equivalent to getc(stdin).

    gets() reads a line from stdin into the buffer pointed to by s until either a terminating newline or EOF, which it replaces with aq\0aq. No check for buffer overrun is performed (see BUGS below).

    fgets() reads in at most one less than size characters from stream and stores them into the buffer pointed to by s. Reading stops after an EOF or a newline. If a newline is read, it is stored into the buffer. A aq\0aq is stored after the last character in the buffer.

    ungetc() pushes c back to stream, cast to unsigned char, where it is available for subsequent read operations. Pushed-back characters will be returned in reverse order; only one pushback is guaranteed.

    Calls to the functions described here can be mixed with each other and with calls to other input functions from the stdio library for the same input stream.

    For non-locking counterparts, see unlocked_stdio(3).  

    RETURN VALUE

    fgetc(), getc() and getchar() return the character read as an unsigned char cast to an int or EOF on end of file or error.

    gets() and fgets() return s on success, and NULL on error or when end of file occurs while no characters have been read.

    ungetc() returns c on success, or EOF on error.  

    CONFORMING TO

    C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001. LSB deprecates gets(). POSIX.1-2008 removes the specification of gets().  

    BUGS

    Never use gets(). Because it is impossible to tell without knowing the data in advance how many characters gets() will read, and because gets() will continue to store characters past the end of the buffer, it is extremely dangerous to use. It has been used to break computer security. Use fgets() instead.

    It is not advisable to mix calls to input functions from the stdio library with low-level calls to read(2) for the file descriptor associated with the input stream; the results will be undefined and very probably not what you want.  

    SEE ALSO

    read(2), write(2), ferror(3), fgetwc(3), fgetws(3), fopen(3), fread(3), fseek(3), getline(3), getwchar(3), puts(3), scanf(3), ungetwc(3), unlocked_stdio(3)  

    COLOPHON

    This page is part of release 3.14 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.


     

    Index

    NAME
    SYNOPSIS
    DESCRIPTION
    RETURN VALUE
    CONFORMING TO
    BUGS
    SEE ALSO
    COLOPHON


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